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On clean audits and good governance

 Auditor-general Kimi Makwetu is undertaking annual audits of national, provincial and local government departments. By the end of November government, political parties, analysts and media will scrutinise and pontificate on his findings. Depending on his opinions, they shall either accuse other parties of bad governance or congratulate themselves for a job well done.

 The DA particularly shall boast about the “clean audits” they receive for the Western Cape government, Cape Town City and other municipalities. But they, like the public, conflate and confuse unqualified financial audits with good governance in its correct, broad meaning, i.e. financially, legally and ethically well-run.

 However, no South African state department meets all three requirements of good governance.

 It’s a common misconception especially among the DA and their supporters to confuse clean audits with good governance, their boast when their administrations receive unqualified audits (when they don’t get it, they litigate). For example, DA MP Emma Powel did in an op-ed in the Daily Maverick last year. See also the DA-run administrations' boastful statements (and here).

 The Institute of Race Relations’ CEO Frans Cronje wrote the Western Cape is a “well-run bubble”. DM editor Mark Heywood wrote an uncritical interview of former head of WC health Dr Beth Engelbrecht after the department gained a clean audit for 2018/19. He falsely and lazily, for a journalist and former activist, claimed he lacked information to dispute her complimentary assessment of their performance when the information is freely available.

 The objective of a financial audit is to express an opinion on the financial statements, not on management's decision-making, service delivery and other aspects.  A clean audit is fairly easy to obtain provided the organisation obeys management’s accounting policy, which the auditor is not responsible for, and relevant laws and regulations.

 That in South Africa there’s fulsome self-praise among politicians and bureaucrats for doing what they ought to as part of their jobs indicate the low standards and misunderstanding of good governance. More than once the egregious former premier Helen Zille infamously wrote (including in her Daily Maverick column) the internationally based system of auditing should be changed because it was a problem and inconvenient to her government.

 An unqualified audit is not a guarantee of good governance, though.  Financial management is only seven of eighteen governance indicators. Government including Western Cape and City of Cape Town continuously fails in the remainder which includes promotion of administrative justice and ethics.

 The AG shares blame for the confusion about what clean audits really mean. Their website states for a clean audit the entity must meet the following: financially unqualified, no material irregularities of performance objectives and obey laws.

 In June this year I wrote to Makwetu saying the WC Health Department doesn’t deserve its clean audit for 2018/19 mainly because its performance objectives cannot be verified independently. The department admits in its annual report some objectives cannot even be measured. Yet they gave themselves very good passes for all objectives including those they said cannot be tested. 

The AG accepted their assessment without apparently examining the objectives themselves or relying on credible external reports.

 Makwetu replied in September. He said his scope is limited by the Public Finance Management Act. Performance objectives fall outside the audit.

 But he was silent to my original letter and follow-up response about his definition of a clean audit that lists the three criteria, the absence of one which denies it. His explanation was improbable and disingenuous. A practising chartered accountant I spoke to who works for government and worked for the AG as an external audit provider agreed with me: “the AG gives an opinion on performance objectives”.

 Oddly, Makwetu undermines his expediently narrow definition – of financial aspects only – which contradicts the official one by saying the audit sample is limited, which I’m aware of, implying WCHD’s performance objectives I found problematic were not included in the audit (if they're not in the scope, why audit them?). He also said concerns I had were about service delivery, which were among my concerns but not the extent of it. Performance objectives include financial, or have a financial impact, so his explanation doesn’t hold.

 Even if I agree with him – that the year-end audit is only about finances (having worked on contract on AG audits over ten years ago I know they’re not limited to the PFMA and Municipal Finance Management Act) – the public and his client government departments think they include non-financial aspects like ethics and service delivery. He’s aware of their erroneous perception but remains silent and thereby condones this falsehood.

 The simple answer (Occam’s Razor) is performance objectives are included in the scope of the year-end audit, which is predominantly but not exclusively financial.

 The office of the auditor-general is arguably the only extant credible state investigative and chapter nine agency left, the others having falling prey to corruption, nepotism, patronage and incompetence. While the AG cannot be blamed for lay politicians', media’s and public’s misunderstanding and misuse of accounting terms, he is responsible when a myth and lie – about clean audits being a proxy for good governance – takes hold and becomes entrenched as fact through repetition.

 Makwetu delivers his annual reports to the National Assembly and public. He is not oblivious of the clean audit fairy tale, especially but not exclusively told by DA and their supporters. He can and should rectify it with the facts: clarify the definition so it reflects only financial and related legal matters excluding performance objectives. He can if he chooses set the public right about what a clean audit really means. This is what a constitutional watchdog and auditor means: acting without fear or favour. 

I believe my interpretation of the definition is not wrong because the AG’s website says what it is. In certain cases like WCHD, the AG gives a favourable opinion when it wasn’t deserved. This may be isolated, though, and his opinion can be relied on in the majority of cases.

 But blowing smoke about my questioning of the WCHD’s clean audit opinion because I raised a problem of his findings and about the criteria of an unqualified audit is unfortunate and confuses the important issue of what good governance is. We need more clarity, not less, and less of the grey areas that politicians exploit for their own ends.

I'm disappointed Makwetu and the AG's office has chosen political expedience above courage and conviction. 

Disclosure: I have taken legal advice about what I believe, and have evidence for, is the Cape Town City's abuse of process and the Constitution and municipal law and political influence in an ongoing development. Recently I informed Makwetu and Western Cape government about it. It concerns – there are financial implications of a few million rand too – good governance in its full, correct meaning. But unfortunately from my experience with the AG about the city and now WCG, he shall claim it falls outside his scope.

Minor changes, links added 19 & 20/10/2020. See related post here.

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