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The real reason why South Africa is not meeting UN development goals

Many articles I read like this one on The Conversation and elsewhere about poverty, inequality, development and related topics, and particularly those written from a sociological perspective, omit, ignore or avoid the elephant in the room of why South Africa is not meeting developmental goals or achieving minimum standards: poor to mediocre economic growth rates that’s been on a downward trend from a 5.6% high in 2006, the highest since 1980 (6.6%) to a low of 0.28% in 2016 (-1.5% in 2009). 

While peer and less developed countries – Rwanda, Ethiopia and Kenya to name three – is achieving 6% and above, SA has lolled about in mediocrity without leadership and direction due to political and economic mismanagement and incompetence, officially sanctioned industrial protectionism and big business greed.

One cannot begin to analyse why SA is not meeting development goals without understanding these factors. You don’t do so here and your analysis is the weaker for it because the reader perceives development goals in isolation from the political economy which it’s not.

In 2015 SA’s HDI was 0.66. It didn’t improve much since 1995 (0.65).  The country spends 20% of its budget on education – more than some developed countries and in gross terms arguably the most in Africa – with poor results, and 15% on social grants for 17 million people, just under a third of the population.

It cannot reasonably be asked to do more yet activists, politicians and academics like you expect yet more expenditure without saying how this improves already failing outcomes and how the about 5 million taxpayers is expected to pay for it. (The largest reallocation is the unbudgeted R57bn for fee-free higher education over three years, despite the existing R50bn budget hole.)

Winnie Sambu and Lucy Jamieson of UCT's Children Institute write: “Various challenges and constraints [] include lack of financial and human resources to implement SDGs, as well as the capacity to monitor and evaluate the programmes that are put in place. South Africa is not alone in this: many developing countries face the same dilemma”

I’d argue the problem to SA’s manifold problems is less financial, as they claim, and more political management and vision. Comparatively poor African countries are performing better than SA in international benchmark education tests. If what you say is true, then they should score far worse than SA but SA has the distinction of coming at the bottom of the rankings time and again. Last year, I think the Department of Education said its second last placing was an “improvement” (sic).

So except for human resources, I disagree with the entirety of that statement. Their and similar' analyses of where SA is failing in key performance indicators is correct but your assessment of why that’s happening is being too softy-softy diplomatic which helps no one understand the intrinsic severity of the problem and how we must solve it (hint: solutions are known).



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